Yttrium Aluminum, Iron, and Gadolinium garnets have interesting magnetic properties.ĩ0 Yis the Radioactuve isotope of yttrium, used in medical field (to treat some cancers, such as liver cancer).

YAG with a hardness of 8.5, is also finding use as a gemstone (simulated diamond). Yttrium-aluminium garnet (Y 3Al 5O 12) is used in lasers that can cut through metals, It is also used in white LED lights. YIG is also exceptionally efficient as both a transmitter and transducer of acoustic energy. Yttrium oxide is also used to produce yttrium-iron-garnets (Y 3Fe 5O 12), which are very effective microwave filters for radar Yttrium oxide is added to the glass which is used to make camera lenses to make them heat and shock resistant. Yttrium is suitable to make Superconductors.Ī Yttrium oxide (yttria) Is the most important compounds of yttrium and It is widely used in making YVO 4 europium, and Y 2O 3 europium phosphors to give the red color in color television tubes.

Yttrium can be used as a catalyst for ethylene polymerization reactions. The metal can be used as a deoxidizer for vanadium and other nonferrous metals. Yttrium is used as an additive (0.1 to 0.2%) to reduce the grain size in chromium, zirconium, molybdenum, and titanium, and to increases the strength of aluminium and magnesium alloys.

Naming: After Ytterby (Sweden) and its mineral ytterbite (gadolinite)įirst isolation: Heinrich Rose (1843) Yttrium Uses: The metal reacts with all Halogens, forming Yttrium (lll) halides:Ģ Y (s) + 3 F 2 (g) → 2 YF 3 (s) (Yttrium (lll) fluoride)Ģ Y (s) + 3 Cl 2 (g) → 2 YCl 3 (s) (Yttrium (lll) chloride)Ģ Y (s) + 3 Br 2 (g) → 2 YBr 3 (s) (Yttrium (lll) bromide)Ģ Y (s) + 3 I 2 (g) → 2 YI 3 (s) (Yttrium (lll) iodide)ĭissolves readily in dilute hydrochloric acid, forming aquated Yttrium (III) ions and hydrogen gas:Ģ Y (s) + 6 HCl → 2 Y 3+ (aq) + 6 Cl – (aq) + 3 H 2↑ (g) Yttrium History When finely divided, or heated, yttrium metal dissolves in water, forming Yttrium (III) ions and hydrogen gas:Ģ Y (s) + 6 H 2O (g) → 2 Y 3+ (aq) + 6 OH – (aq) + 3 H 2 (g) The metal tarnishes slowly in air and burns readily, forming:Ĥ Y (s) + 3 O 2 (g) → 2 Y 2O 3 (s) (Yttrium (lll) oxide) Isotopes: 87 Y 88 Y 89 Y 90 Y 91 Y Isotope Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP) Reactivity of YttriumĮlectron affinity: 29.6 kJ/mol Nuclear Properties of Yttrium Ionization energies: 1st: 600 kJ.mol 2nd: 1180 kJ/mol 3rd: 1980 kJ/molĬrystal structure: Hexagonal close-packed Sound Speed: 3300 m/s Atomic Properties of Yttrium Molar magnetic susceptibility: 5.921×10 -9 m 3/mol Physical Properties of Yttriumĭensity: 4.472 g/cm 3 (In solid) 4.24 g/cm 3 (In Liquid) Mass magnetic susceptibility: 66.6×10 -9 m 3/kg Volume magnetic susceptibility: 0.0002978 Magnetic susceptibility (x mol): +2.15×10 -6 cm 3/mol Thermal conductivity: 17.2 W/(m∙K) Electrical properties of YttriumĪ Electrical resistivity: α poly: 596 nΩ∙mĬritical point (Superconducting point): 1.3 K (-271.85 oC, -457.33 oF) Magnetic Properties of Yttrium Yttrium Electron Configuration Thermal Properties of Yttriumĭebye temperature: 280 K (6.85 oC, 44.33 oF)

Element 39